Rising high above the Bakirçay Plain in Turkey’s Aegean region, the ancient city of Pergamon rests on a promontory on the north side of the river Bakırçay in West Anatolia. This ancient Greek city became the capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon in 281–133 BC under the Attalid dynasty during the Hellenistic period. A highlight of this remarkable city is the acropolis, a prominent learning hub in the ancient world that was home to temples, theatres, porticoes, a gymnasium and a library. Other notable structures include Asclepius, the ancient medical centre, the Red Basilica, the Sanctuary of Trajan, the Sanctuary of Athena, the Royal Palaces, The Heroon (a shrine to the kings of Pergamon), the Temple of Dionysus, the Upper Agora and the Roman baths complex.