Makapan's Valley, or Makapansgat in Limpopo province features several archaeological and palaeontological sites of great significance for human evolution. It is part of the Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa, a serial World Heritage Site that also includes Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, Kromdraai and Taung Skull Fossil Site. Makapansgat has yielded fossils of early hominids, such as Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus, dating back between 4.5 million and 2.5 million years ago, as well as evidence of the use of fire 1.8 million to 1 million years ago. Makapansgat is also a place of historical and cultural importance, as it was the scene of a clash between local people and European settlers in 1854, where Chief Makapan and his followers were besieged in a cave by the Boer forces.