Polonnaruwa is an ancient city in Sri Lanka's North Central Province, around 140 km northeast of Kandy, and one of the country's most important archaeological destinations. Once the medieval capital of the Sinhalese kingdom, it is now a relatively small town beside an extensive UNESCO-listed archaeological site. Travellers come to explore its atmospheric ruins, where stone temples, royal buildings and intricately carved monuments are scattered among tropical vegetation, while wild toque macaques, roaming cattle and a variety of bird species are often seen throughout the site. Highlights include the impressive Gal Vihara, with its colossal rock-cut Buddha statues, and the remains of the Royal Palace and Sacred Quadrangle. The vast Parakrama Samudra reservoir, developed and greatly expanded under King Parakramabahu I, adds another distinctive dimension, while cycling between the ancient monuments offers an enjoyable way to experience the historic landscape.